Total Separation of Church and State free essay sample

Absolute Separation of Church and State â€Å"Congress will make no law regarding a foundation of religion, or denying the free exercise thereof†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The primary Amendment of the Bill of Rights inside the Constitution and a correction that accompanies backing, dismissal, and debate. The alteration was made in light of the fact that the ancestors didn’t need a bloodbath that had tormented a large portion of the world. Since 1618, in any event 23 million individuals have been slaughtered during a war rotating around religion issues. The wars have been battled about land, where separate nations guarantee a spot of land was guaranteed to them, which is like the threatening vibe that is going on among Israel and Palestine, and convictions, similar to the Taliban and Syrian agitators assaulting the United States Embassy’s due to a film indicating the essence of the Islamic prophet Allah, and depicting him as a stupid, chauvinist pig. Numerous wars were battled â€Å"in the name of God†, which caused numerous men, ladies, and kids to area. At the point when the progenitors came to North America, they didn’t need a rehash of the antagonistic vibe. Thomas Jefferson instituted the adage â€Å"separation of chapel and state† in a letter to a political companion, and the expression stuck, with James Madison saying, â€Å"The reason for partition of chapel and state is to keep perpetually from these shores the interminable struggle that has splashed the dirt of Europe for quite a long time. † Because of the silly battling in Europe, detachment was broadly celebrated. In any case, for partition to work, it should be authorized and to be severe. Exacting partition is alluring for a few reasons. To begin with, it is a method of guaranteeing that we can all, as Americans, feel that it is â€Å"our† government, whatever our religion or absence of. In the event that administration gets lined up with a specific religion or religions, those of different convictions are caused to feel like untouchables. The absolute detachment of Church and State would profit all residents since it would end the oppression of non-strict people. In any case, at long last, it boils down to one inquiry: Can anybody demonstrate that religion is an advantage to regular day to day existence if it’s remembered for government? Since the establishing of our nation, the United States of America has been, generally, Christian nation with more than 66% of the individuals having a place with Christianity, yet that number is dropping. With the strict populace lessening down in the United States, the legislature should erect a mass of detachment that James Madison and Thomas Jefferson imagined. Erw in Chemerinsky wrote in the book Why Church and State Should Be Separate, â€Å"It appears to me that on the off chance that we need our residents to feel that the legislature is open for everybody †that it is their administration †we need our administration to be carefully common. With the complete partition of the congregation from every single government undertaking, it would profit the residents of the United States of America from abuse on individual’s individual convictions and beliefs. Our ancestors approached the Americas to get away from the strict abuse of the King of England, and the Church. While clutching their Christian convictions, the ancestors concluded that the land that would turn into the United States of America would be of strict opportunity, so as not to rehash the barbarity of England during this timeframe. Despite the fact that they attempted, the mistreatment wound up on our shores, accompanying a retaliation. In the previous 50 years, the administration has been including religion into our nation. On June fourteenth, 1954, president Dwight D. Eisenhower marked into law a change to the Pledge of Allegiance by including ‘Under God’. After two years, Eisenhower marked a law formally pronouncing â€Å"In God We Trust† as our nation’s official witticism, which additionally ordered the expression be imprinted on all American paper money. Eisenhower’s decisions to include these strict proclamations demonstrated that the administration has tightly to the goals that once tormented England. This issue has been battled in numerous ineffective claims attempting to fix the harm done by Eisenhower. The greatest issue is a legislature can't be started on the conviction that all people are made equivalent when it states that God inclines toward a few. This conviction neutralizes everything that the nation had attempted to achieve. As indicated by the standard of the constitution in regards to the partition of chapel and state, religion is a private issue, which has no spot within the sight of government. As in each contention, there are different sides. For this situation, individuals state that we don’t need a mass of division, that the congregation and state should get one, and that the United States ought to authoritatively turn into a God dreading nation, and that any individual who is anything but a Christian shouldn’t hold political workplaces. There’s a developing development where nonreligious people are turning out to be increasingly plenteous, starting to contrast and the quantity of the Christians in the nation, prompting a contention that takes after the Crusades without all the viciousness. All religion ought to be kept out of government structures and any and each administration affirmations of a God ought to be tossed out, regarding the residents that are not strict. Tossing out the notice of religion could prompt some significant changes inside the administration, which could profit the nation. The primary motivation to roll out this improvement is that it shields the nonreligious from unreasonable mistreatment. Other than the peril of an immediate blend of religion and government, there is a shrewd which should be made preparations for in the uncertain amassing of property from the limit of holding it in interminability by religious organizations. Numerous Americans misjudge the words â€Å"separation of chapel and state†, expecting that the law necessitates that open life must have nothing at all to do with religion. The organizers, all things considered, were a lot of strong of the job of religion in the public eye, however they isolated the thoughts of society and government, leaving religion to assume a job in the public arena, not government. The partition of chapel and state isn't intended to prevent religion, or to preclude the job from claiming religion in the public eye or in our history. The idea of â€Å"separation of chapel and state† applies to the activities of the administration as it were. The subsequent motivation to roll out an improvement is that we will have the option to burden the chapels. In 1986, a gauge demonstrated that all strict salary for that year was roughly $100 billion, or around multiple times the pay of the five biggest partnerships in the United States. All tax exempt. With the cash that is produced using holy places, the nation would acquire billions of dollars a year that we can use to help take care of the shortage, fabricate more streets, make more occupations, and manufacture more schools. The third explanation is that it’ll ease the heat off of open workplaces. At the point when John F. Kennedy was chosen president in 1961, the open was frightened that the Catholic Church would assume control over the nation. President Kennedy immediately made open that he bolstered division of chapel and state and that â€Å"no catholic prelate would tell the president (should he be catholic) how to act†¦Ã¢â‚¬  As President Kennedy had faith in, the best route for our country to prosper is without religion associated with governmental issues. Numerous lawmakers can’t be chosen and lose to people that are not as qualified as they may have been. Religion is an amazing asset, which we should be cautious on how we use it. Removing it from government and bureaucratic issues would extraordinarily profit the country. The eventual fate of the United States of America is solid and prosperous as long as it holds fast to the desires of the ancestors and past presidents. Without religion, we will endeavor. With religion, we will fall. In 1773, a Rev. Isaac Backus, a conspicuous Baptist serve in New England, concentrated among his kin that when â€Å"church and state are isolated, the impacts are upbeat, and they don't meddle with one another: however where they have been perplexed together, no tongue nor pen can completely portray the mischiefs that have followed. † Looking at the priests examines, it boils down to one last question: what will you pick; glad and independent, or devilish and bewildered together? With the non-strict developing in an ever increasing number of numbers and their convictions coming out, the world is seeing a change, a change for the better. The change is cutting down the degree of threatening vibe toward non-strict people, and with detachment of the congregation and state turning into a considerably greater issue in today’s world; it has become a point which can't be overlooked any more.

Discover the Windward and Leeward Islands

Find the Windward and Leeward Islands The Windward Islands, the Leeward Islands, and the Leeward Antilles are a piece of the Lesser Antillesâ in the Caribbean Sea. These island bunches remember a large number of the most well known traveler goals for the West Indies. This assortment of islands is different in landscape and culture. Most are little and the smallest islands stay uninhabited. Among the significant islands around there, various them are free nations while in certain examples two islands might be represented as a solitary nation. Many stay as regions of bigger nations like the United States, United Kingdom, France and the Netherlands. What Are the Windward Islands? The Windward Islands incorporate theâ southeastern islands of the Caribbean. Theyre called the Windward Islands since they are presented to the breeze (windward) of the upper east exchange winds (the northeasterlies) from the Atlantic Ocean. Inside the Windward Islands is a chain that remembers a large number of the littler islands for this gathering. This is regularly called the Windward Chain and here they are recorded from north to south. Dominica: The northernmost island,â the British governmentâ held this domain until 1978 and thought of it as a major aspect of the Leeward Islands. It is presently a free nation and regularly thought to be in the Windward Islands.Martinique (France)Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and The GrenadinesGrenada  Only somewhat more remote toward the east are the accompanying islands. Barbados is more toward the north, nearer St. Lucia, while Trinidad and Tobago are toward the south close to the shoreline of Venezuela. BarbadosTrinidad and Tobago What Are the Leeward Islands? Between the islands of the Greater Antilles and those of the Windward Islands are the Leeward Islands. For the most part little islands, they are known as the Leeward Islands since they are away from the breeze (lee). The Virgin Islands Simply off the shore of Puerto Rico are the Virgin Islands and this is the northernmost piece of the Leeward Islands. Theâ northern set of islands are domains of the United Kingdom and the southern set are regions of the United States. Outside of the Bahamas and Jamaica, the Virgin Islands are among the most mainstream vacationer goals in the Caribbean.St. Croix is the biggest of the Virgin Islands.Though thought about piece of the Lesser Antilles, from a simply land point of view, the Virgin Islands are entirely of the Greater Antilles. English Virgin Islands There are more than 50 little islands in the British Virgin Islands domain, however just 15 are occupied. Coming up next are the biggest islands. TortolaVirgin Gorda AnegadaJost Van Dyke U.S. Virgin Islands Likewise made up of around 50 little islands, the U.S. Virgin Islands are a little unincorporated domain. These are the biggest islands recorded by size. St. CroixSt. ThomasSt. Johnâ More Islands of the Leeward Islands As you would expect, there are numerous little islands here of the Caribbean and just the biggest are inhabited. Working south from the Virgin Islands, here are the remainder of the Leeward Islands, a significant number of which are regions of bigger nations. Anguilla (U.K.)Saint Maarten - the Netherlands controls the southern third of the island. The northern 66% are constrained by France and called Saint Martin.Saint-Barthà ©lemy (France)Saba (the Netherlands)Sint Eustatiusâ (the Netherlands - in English Saint Eustatius)Saint Kitts and NevisAntigua and Barbuda (Redondaâ is a uninhabited ward island.)Montserrat (U.K.)Guadeloupe (France) What Are the Leeward Antilles? Toward the west of the Windward Islands is a stretch of islands known as the Leeward Antilles. These are more remote separated from one another than the islands of the other two gatherings. Itâ includes a greater amount of theâ popular goal Caribbean islands and runs along the Venezuelan coast. From west to east, the majorâ islands of the Leeward Antilles incorporate the accompanying and, all things considered, the initial three are known as the ABC islands. Aruba (Netherlands)Curaà §ao (Netherlands)Bonaire (Netherlands)Isla de Margarita (Venezuela) Venezuela has various different islands inside the Leeward Antilles. Many, similar to the Isla de Tortuga, are uninhabited.

50 Must-Read Books On Nature and Science

50 Must-Read Books On Nature and Science Between the Paris Accords, the looming anxiety many people feel about climate change, and Earth Day, it feels a lot like were often talking about only one aspect of nature: how badly were treating it. While certainly important, I also think we should focus on the reasons nature is so great in the first place. Enter science and nature writers. They provide us with depth and understanding of nature beyond our own observations. And with more knowledge, nature becomes all the more amazing. Enjoy the wonder of seeds, the workings of an octopuss brain, and quantum mechanics. Then get yourself outside, nature is calling. Note: Science writing is still a very white arena, and still largely male. This list aims for diversity, but further suggestions would be welcome! Plants and Botany The Humane Gardener: Nurturing a Backyard Habitat for Wildlife by Nancy Lawson Applying ecological principles, Lawson makes a case for why and how we should welcome wildlife into our backyards. The Botany of Desire: A Plants-Eye View of the World by Michael Pollan From Michael Pollans earlier days, this book demonstrates the connection and reciprocal relationship humans have with our domesticated crops. As the book asks, Who is domesticating who? Drunken Botanist: The Plants that Create the Worlds Great Drinks by Amy Stewart Amy Stewart highlights the history humans have with fermenting plants and fungi to turn into alcohol. The Hidden Life of Trees: What They Feel and How They Communicate  by Peter Wohlleben Gain a whole new appreciation for trees and the complex interconnected lives they have with one another. Flower Confidential: The Good, The Bad, and The Beautiful by Amy Stewart Explore the flower industrys obsession with perfect blooms, a place where science and sentiment converge. Weeds: How Vagabond Plants Gatecrashed Civilisation and Changed the Way We Think About Nature by Richard Mabey With great empathy, Mabey gives the other side of weeds, the good they do and how arbitrary being deemed a weed can be. The Triumph of Seeds: How Grains, Nuts, Kernels, Pulses, and Pips Conquered the Plant Kingdom and Shaped Human History by Thor Hanson Pause and marvel at the pervasiveness and the success of seeds of all kinds in this book that promises readability for all. Braiding Sweetgrass: Indigenous Wisdom, Scientific  Knowledge, and the Teachings of Plants by Robin Wall Kimmerer Kimmerer applies her botanist and Potawatomi perspectives together to help readers better understand nature and our place in it. Birds Bluebird Effect: Uncommon Bonds with Common Birds by Julie Zickefoose Rehabilitating local birds gave Julie Zickefoose her experience with birds, which she has translated to art and stories that get birders right in the feels. Small Wonder  by Barbara Kingsolver This essay collection carries readers through Kingsolvers contemplations on birdwatching, global war, and vegetable gardening. The Meaning of Birds by Simon Barnes Barnes explores our fascination with birds and the importance they have played in our understanding of the world, from Darwins finches to the intercontinental migration of birds. What the Robin Knows: How Birds Reveal the Secrets of the Natural World by Jon Young Young brings together the depth of knowledge held by backyard birds about their environment and the indigenous knowledge of bird sounds in a book that will have you listening out for what the birds are saying. The Feather Thief: Beauty, Obsession, and the Natural History Heist of the Century by Kirk Wallace Johnson An outrageous true-crime story about the 2009 heist, in which a 20-year-old American flautist stole hundreds of bird skins from the British Natural History Museum. Youve never read a book quite like this. The Genius of Birds by Jennifer Ackerman If youve ever wondered exactly what was going on inside the head of a little bird, Jennifer Ackerman has got you covered. Youll never think being a bird brain is an insult again. Nature and Mindfulness The Vitamin N: The Essential Guide to a Nature-Rich Life by Richard Louv Addressing the nature needs of adults and the importance of meeting those needs. With practical suggestions for day-to-day options as well as school and career options, this book will get you outside! The Nature Fix: Why Nature Makes Us Happier, Healthier, and More Creative  by Florence Williams The natural world offers huge benefits to the human brain. However, with more and more people working indoors, this component of health may require more active encouragement. Gathering Moss: A Natural and Cultural History of Moss by Robin Wall Kimmerer Kimmerer mixes biology and her cultural experiences as a Native woman in this book that provides a holistic view of moss and our natural world. Forest Bathing: How Trees Can Help You Find Health and Happiness by Dr. Qing Li Mindful, intentional time spend among trees, known as shinrin-yoku in Japan, is linked with greater health and happiness. As the weather warms, give your hygge a break, and go outside with this book for shinrin-yoku. The Biophilia Effect: A Scientific and Spiritual Exploration of the Healing Bond Between Humans and Nature by Clemens G. Arvay, translated by Victoria Goodrich Graham Translated from German, Arvays book take the idea of forest bathing, but looks at the biological impacts that being in nature has on human bodies. Humans and Animals How Animals Grieve by Barbara J. King Explore animal emotion and the complexities of animal social attachments by learning how they grieve. Sapiens: A Brief History of Human Kind by Yuval Noah Harari Learn how humans fit into natural world by looking at how we evolved in it. Harari takes readers through the entire span of human history, pointing out anthrozoology (our impact on the animals around us) and economics and happiness. Inside Animal Hearts and Minds: Bears That Count, Goats That Surf, and Other True Stories of Animal Intelligence and Emotion by Belinda Recio Delve into the depths of animal emotion and prepare to adjust the way you see the animals around you. From ticklish rats, to whales on girls night out, animals have so many more feelings than most of us know. The Soul of an Octopus: A Surprising Exploration into the Wonder of Consciousness  by Sy Montgomery If you didnt think page-turning adventure and hallucinatory could be used to describe a book about octopus intelligence, then…you should read this book. Animals in Translation: Using the Mysteries of Autism to Decode Animal Behavior  by Temple Grandin Famed animal advocate, Grandin uses her experiences as a neuroatypical person to open up different understandings of the animals around us. Grave Secrets of Dinosaurs: Soft Tissues and Hard Science  by Dr. Phil Manning Nope, not that Dr. Phil. This is a paleontologist who takes readers through the biggest dinosaur discoveries of the last century as he explores what might the soft tissues of dinosaurs may have looked like. Biography and history The Invention of Nature: Alexander von Humboldts New World by Andrea Wulf As someone who shaped modern understanding of nature and environmentalism, Alexander von Humboldt is as overdue for his own world-shaking musical sensation as his contemporary, the other Alex H. Wulf takes the challenge, bringing an important figure out of the shadows. Remarkable Creatures by Tracey Chevelier Mary Anning and Elizabeth Philpot form an unexpected friendship as they shake conventional wisdom about the history of the world through their excavation on dinosaur fossils. The Fossil Hunter: Dinosaurs, Evolution, and the Woman Whose Discoveries Changed the World  by Shelley Emling Emling traces the route of Mary Anning from an impoverished child selling fossils she dug out of the lime cliffs, to the most under-rated paleontologist in the history of the field. Glass Universe: How the Ladies of the Harvard Observatory Took the Measure of the Universe by Dava Sobel Get further into the buried history of the human calculators, the women of the early 20th Century who did the grunt work of space exploration, despite battling against such a pervasive glass glass ceiling, its a glass universe. Galileo’s Daughter: A Historic Memoir of Science, Faith, and Love by Dava Sobel Sobel explores Galileos life and internal struggle with heresy of his scientific understanding through his correspondence with his beloved daughter, Maria Celeste, who was a cloistered nun. Isaac the Alchemist: Secrets of Isaac Newton, Reveald by Mary Losure If all you know about Newton is that he got beaned by an apple and had an epiphany about gravity, grab this book and prepare to be amazed. This dude developed calculus while Cambridge was closed because of bubonic plague, so apples are only the beginning! The Brother Gardeners: Botany, Empire, and the Birth of an Obsession by Andrea Wulf Wulf traces the history of how British imperialism and the leisure classes swirled, through interpersonal dramas, to create Britain as a nation of gardeners. The Alchemy of Air: A Jewish Genius, a Doomed Tycoon, and the Scientific Discovery That Fed the World But Fueled Hitler by  Thomas Hager If you dont know the story of nitrogen-fixed fertilizer and how every advancement of the 20th Century was made possible by it, then you are in for a real treat! Science applied with the betterment of humanity can do amazing things, but science can also be taken for the wrong reasons. Physics and Chemistry The Disappearing Spoon: And Other Tales of Madness, Love, and the History of the World From the Periodic Table of the Elements  by Sam Kean Did you know that the campsites of Lewis and Clark are easy to find due to the mercury poisoning they left behind them? Kean lifts the curtain on the chemistry of our world, and brings it out of the lab. Programming the Universe: A Quantum Computer Scientist Takes on the Cosmos  by Seth Lloyd Accessible quantum mechanics? Seth Lloyd promises that in his book about quantum mechanics and chaos theory that will reframe your understanding of the universe itself. Lost in Math: How Beauty Leads Physics Astray  by Sabine Hossenfelder Is the emphasis on elegant and beautiful theories actually preventing physicists from developing the field farther?   Do physicists need to embrace more utilitarian and less elegant theories? Dark Matter and Dinosaurs: The Interconnectedness of the Universe by Lisa Randell Did dark matter kill the dinosaurs? Randell explores this idea and the way that life on our planet is so closely connected with the universe around us. Evolution Endless Forms Most Beautiful: The New Science of Evo Devo and the Making of the Animal Kingdom by Sean B. Carroll Take your knowledge of evolution farther with Evolutionary Development of Biology and just what our DNA is doing for us. A Taste for the Beautiful: The Evolution of Attraction by Michael J. Ryan Follow how the female brain of various species driven by attraction and what becomes beautiful. Darwin Comes to Town: How the Urban Jungle Drives Evolution by Menno Schilthuizen Watch evolution in high-speed motion as the animals around change and develop with the new environment that is the modern city. Natures Nether Regions: What the Sex Lives of Bugs, Birds, and Beasts Tell Us About Evolution, Biodiversity, and Ourselves  by  Menno Schilthuizen Bring sexy back by diving into Natures Nether Regions, and learn about the incredible diversity of animal genitalia, and celebrate all the wild and wonderful ways the animal world does it. At the Waters Edge: Fish with Fingers, Whales with Legs, and How Life Came Ashore and Then Went Back to Sea  by Carl Zimmer If macroevolution was always harder for you to imagine (just how *did* we get from fish to human?), Zimmer is here to lay out evolution across millions of years and bring readers up from the basic understanding of the Darwin Days. Environmentalism Slow Death by Rubber Duck: The Secret Danger of Everyday Things by Rick Smith and Bruce Lourie If youve ever wondered how pollution directly affects your life and body, Slow Death by Rubber Duck with get you fired up to hold your government and big corporations accountable. The Wizard and the Prophet: Two Remarkable Scientists and Their Dueling Visions to Shape The Worlds Tomorrow  by Charles C. Mann Are you a prophet or a wizard? Mann lays out the two foundational views of environmentalism with balance and care, as he explores ways to live and innovate for the future. The World Without Us by Alan Weisman When all of the environmental degradation gets you down, do you imagine what the world would be like if all the humans just disappeared? Weisman takes us through the thought experiment in this acclaimed book. Astronomy Mask of the Sun: The Science, History, and Forgotten Lore of Eclipses  by John Dvorak If youve still got eclipse fever from the one that overtook the U.S. last summer, Dvorak dives into both the science of eclipses and the impact that natural phenomena have on culture. The Planets: Photographs from the Archives of NASA by Nirmala Nataraj If you know more about fictional planets than the ones in our own solar system, the 200 color photos here will get you jazzed up for real planets as well. Microbiology Very Very Very Dreadful: The Influenza Pandemic of 1918  by Albert Marrin Get your epidemiology on by exploring the worst disease epidemic to have hit humanity in recorded history. As we round into the centennial anniversary of the pandemic, learn the hows, whys, and impacts that this still has on us today. Lifes Engines: How Microbes Made Earth Habitable by Paul G. Falkowski Microbes are having a hay day with discussion of gut microbiomes, but what about the microbes outside our bodies? Falkowski loving shows us how important microbes are for everything. Science of creativity The Origins of Creativity by Edward O. Wilson Biology legend E.O. Wilson tackles the dichotomy of science and the humanities, instead tying them together and encouraging us to move forward with science and the humanities thoroughly mixed. Sign up for True Story to receive nonfiction news, new releases, and must-read forthcoming titles. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Museum Essay - 916 Words

User generated is used to help describe content such as video, blogs, digital images, audio files and other media which is created by consumers or end-users online which is publicly available for other individuals. It reshaping museum through opening the dialogue, breaking down the walls inaccessibility and making visitor a part of the exhibit. Opening the dialogue is the traditional experience becoming a dialogue which is where individuals share their visit to the museum. Through user content such as social media, the visitor lets other individuals know their highlights of the museum. Through this, it gives museums a new voice but also can give a new perspective of museums such as a behind the scenes of a museum which isn’t access to†¦show more content†¦It helps illustrate as a new way of organising a city through urban culture and modernity. This help changes the relation between the producers and the industries as it focuses on the city the consumption and society especially within a public space which resonates the world of museumization. Arcades are important due to the new design of an industrial luxury feel which has a glass cover and marble flooring. Arcades were important to the changing nature of cities from the 19th century due the change and improvement of technology, art, capital, industries, luxury and excess in a way that is a contrivance. As Benjamin saw societies within industries to have a role of the arcades which would â€Å"become images in the collective consciousness† which would transfigure and transcend which would inspire and enhance the collective towards the service within capitalism which will help change the cities nature (Benjamin 1969:166). The different material is used for these arcades which open the world up to be more of a museum like a city which will help with industrial design and innovation with activities, atmosphere, desires, attitudes towards a more contemporary lifestyle and a new way of seein g the city. Overall, the arcades are important to illustrate the changing nature of cities due to the transition ofShow MoreRelatedMuseums Essays10752 Words   |  44 PagesMuseum Museum, institution dedicated to helping people understand and appreciate the natural world, the history of civilizations, and the record of humanity’s artistic, scientific, and technological achievements. Museums collect objects of scientific, aesthetic, or historical importance; care for them; and study, interpret, and exhibit them for the purposes of public education and the advancement of knowledge. 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Since there was such a vast number of artifacts at the Cobb Museum, I have decided to focus on the clay vessels andRead MoreArt Museum - S.W.O.T. Analysis Essay706 Words   |  3 Pagesanalysis for the Cinicinnati Art Museum is what gives the viewer the information to easily see what is wrong and isn’t wrong with the museum, while providing information on possibilities the museum can capitalize on and what threats could harm the museum. The strengths were not hard to identify. I identified six different ones, all self-explanatory. Free admission, membership purchases, host of traveling exhibits, host of special events (weddings, parties, etc.), the museum is located in a popular areaRead MoreUniversity art museum case study Essay1214 Words   |  5 Pages Analysis: A son of the president of a university dedicated an Art Museum to a university he was once an alumnus in. The son was a rich investor in a Bank and gave the Art Museum his small high quality collections of art. He worked as the art museum director without payments until he passed away. During his management to the museum, he collection some art pieces from other universities. The museum’s visitors were very limited. After the death of the founder, the university wanted to hire a newRead MoreEssay on Should Art Museums Be Democratized?1567 Words   |  7 PagesThe art museum is a place that collects and preserves very valuable and profound pieces of art created by some of the most influential artists of all time. Not everyone can understand the emotions and profound ideas that are expressed in old works of art. Only a fraction of all people can really appreciate a fine work of art and understand its true meaning. Many people that go to the art museum do not belong. They do not hold the higher level of education needed to look at a painting and see itsRead More Why Are Museums Important? Essay2520 Words   |  11 Pages The Cambridge Dictionary Online defined museums as â€Å"places of study, buildings where objects of historical, scientific or artistic interest are kept, preserved and exhibited†. To The Museums Association, a museum is â€Å"an institution which collects documents, preserves, exhibits and interprets material evidence and associated information for the public benefit†. Since 1998, this definition has changed. Museums now enable the public to explore collections for inspiration, learning and enjoyment. They

How Jews were Discriminated Against in Germany from 1933-1939

How Jews were Discriminated Against in Germany from 1933-1939 The discrimination of Jews was prevalent in Germany in the 1930’s. Attacks on the Jews had occurred in Christian countries since the Middle Ages, but intensified between 1933 and 1939 due to the Reign of Hitler’s power. According to Hitler’s racial theories, the Jews deliberately planned to destroy the German people, as they did at the time of war. He influenced the Germans, that it was the Jews and such invalids, who caused the failure and collapse of Germany in World War I. The Germans, being in a vulnerable and desperate state, believed this, and subsequently, the beliefs of anti-Semitism in Germany increased. Hitler’s words†¦show more content†¦Those who were of German blood were citizens of the Reich; a Jew could never become a citizen of Germany. In September 1935, the Nuremberg laws were created, which stated that relationships between Jews and German citizens were forbidden, and that Jews were not allowed to vote. Over the next 5 years, Jews had to change their family names, and were forced to have certain names depending on whether they were male or female. The Reich Minister of Education expelled Jewish children from German public schools, and instead, they were sent to Jewish schools. Jews were socially prohibited from taking part in communal activities; a law was made to ban Jews from all public recreational places; theatres, museums, amusement and sports parks, and public and private bathing establishments. Jews suffered economically as the Nazis urged Germans to boycott Jewish shops and stores. They chalked slogans everywhere to try to enforce the boycott: â€Å"If you buy from a Jew, you are a traitor to your country†. . On the 9th November, the Nazis launched a government campaign against the Jews, after a young Jew murdered the German diplomat, Herr von Rath, in Paris. His death led to Kristallnacht, where, in Germany, the murder had triggered scenes of systematic plunder and destruction. Every synagogue wasShow MoreRelatedWorld War II : A Very Historical Event For Our Nation1266 Words   |  6 Pagessociety, from military tactics to the way nations forge their government. World War II started in the year 1939, and ended in the year 1945. So many tragic things happened during so such as killings, rape, and torture which is what helps make our world what it is today. Europe was very unstable after World War I when Hitler came into power of Germany. Hitler saw the poverty and desperation of the nations and saw it as a perfect state for him to go to power. 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The Stolen Generation Free Essays

With a sudden jerk, squealing of the brakes and a loud puff of the steam engine, the train shunted forward. Fear gripped my heart. Barry and Widdy had bewildered looks on their faces, glancing at me and then at each other. We will write a custom essay sample on The Stolen Generation or any similar topic only for you Order Now I stared out of the window as we slowly pulled out of the station. I was very confused by all the women standing on the platform watching us and wailing. Then I saw her. There was my mum in her only good blue dress standing next to my aunts with tears rolling down their cheeks too fast to wipe away. Then mum waved a white hanky and I pressed my face against the window pane as hard as I could, watching her. Watching until her blue dress faded into a tiny dot of colour. I looked back at the station for as long as I could until she was out of sight. (Meehan, 2000, pg31) This extract from Donna Meehan’s autobiography, ‘Its no Secret,’ recounts a major event in her life. Like many aboriginal children during the 19th century, she was taken away from her family, taken away without an explanation to a so called better place, a place where she could take up a European way of life, learn to be read and write and blend into society, a place that would make her forget her Aboriginal culture, forget her family and finally forget her true identity. This essay will outline the origins and operations of the removal policy. The practice of taking Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children began as early as 1804; however the removal of aboriginal children only became legal in 1905, under the Aborigines Act in Western Australia. This legislation authorised the removal of all aboriginal children and meant that a Chief Protector was made the legal guardian of every Aboriginal and ‘half-caste’ child under the age of twenty-one. These children were then sent to missions and settlements, where it was proposed that their living standards would improve. Chief Protector Cook assured in 1911; ‘Children are removed form the evil influence of the aboriginal camp with its lack or moral training and its risk or serious organic infectious disease. They are properly fed, clothed and educated as white children; they are subjected to constant medical supervision and in receipt to domestic and vocational training. ‘ However Xavier Herbert, and acting superintendent of the Darwin Half-Caste Home stated his experiences mentioning that ‘ the porridge was cooked the day before, already sour and covered in mould, and when doused with thin milk, gave up the corpses of the weevils by the score. The bread was even worse, stringy grey wrapped around solid glue, the whole cased in charcoal. ‘ This recount of the living conditions of aboriginal children during the 90’s clearly shows that although it has been encouraged for us to believe that the separation of Aboriginal children from their parents, families and communities during the 19th century was in the best interests, it has simply become known to many as one of the most disturbing epochs in Australia’s history. According to the official government report, at least 30,000 children were removed from their parents, and this figure may be substantially higher as the report notes that formal records of removals were very poorly kept. Percentage estimates state that 10-30% of all Aboriginal children born during this seventy year period were removed. During the late 19th century the educated opinion in Australia seems, to have generally been of the view that the full-blooded Aborigine represented a dying race, destined to extinction. In the first decades of the twentieth century the emergence of mixed decent children became apparent, these children being; born to Aboriginal mothers who had had sexual encounters with European and sometimes Chinese or Pacific Islander males. Immediately these children were labelled half-caste by Australian settlers and were viewed as a growing fearful social problem. On the ‘social ladder’ in the early years Europeans held the highest rung and the Australian Aborigine held the bottom, this meant that any union made between European and an Aboriginal that resulted in progeny was looked upon with total disgust and alarm. Statistical evidence during these years showed although the full blooded Aborigine was dying out, the number of half caste children was booming, so much so that at the time it was thought that in fifty to a hundred years Australia would be threatened by a population of several hundred thousand Aborigine-European hybrids. To stop this problem eventuating legislation was put into place to enable the removal of Aboriginal and half caste children from their families and communities. In all states and territories policeman and other agents began to locate and transfer babies of mixed decent, from their mothers into institutions. It was thought that if these children grew up in an institution away from their family where they where taught to despise their aboriginal inheritance and forced to forget their Aboriginal culture then mixed descent and aboriginal children would blend into the industrial sector of Australia and hopefully marry white Australian settlers, have children and eventually their aboriginality would be bred out, leaving behind a ‘pure’ white Australian race, this process was known as assimilation. It then must be asked was the removal of Aboriginal children done in the best interests of the child or was it simply done in the best interests of Australia. (Appendix one: OHT CARTOON – â€Å"WERE’ DOING THIS FOR OUR OWN GOOD. â€Å") Although we may not know it, we have all been influenced by society in one way or another to believe that our culture and way of life are superior to all others. This attitude, commonly referred to as racism has occurred for many years amongst different generations and cultures and would have been particularly prominent in the early 19th century. It was believed in this specific era that everything revolved around the Great Chain of Being and according to this concept everything was put into a particular order according to their importance to the rest of the world. It was thought at the time that the Aborigine (appendix two: OHT WITH HEADS ON IT), was the â€Å"lowest and most degraded of the human species,† and with this idea deeply engrained into the minds of all the early white settlers it is easy to comprehend how they at the time, assumed that a white life would be beneficial for all Australian Aboriginal children. It is simple to see how this assumption was reached when the settlers observed the living standards of the Aboriginal people. (Video: TIMEFRAME: 1967 – CITIZENS AT LAST) Although the overall main objective was to try and breed the Australian Aboriginal out to a point of extinction in order to achieve a pure white Australia, there were many who believed that taking aboriginal children from their families was actually in their best interests. The settlers honestly believed that a white life had so much more to offer in the means of employment, social status, living standards and opportunities and when they saw malnourished aboriginal children with weepy eyes and flies in the corners of their mouths they became convinced that their assumptions were correct. Many stolen Aboriginal children had a happy life with their white parents and gained in many ways from a European upbringing. For instance Sally Kid who was one of the stolen children stated that she â€Å"was very fortunate when she was removed from her family as she went to very loving and caring parents and she believed that the love was mutual. † There were many children who were treated appropriately and many white foster parents raised their aboriginal children as if they were there own, however one should stop and think of what effect this had on Aboriginal mothers who missed out on important parts of their child’s lives. (Appendix three: OHT – â€Å"MOTHER AND NO BABY†) Apendix four: STATISTICS SHEET) The social impacts of forced removal have been measured and found to be quite severe. This study found that there have been no improvements in the social position of â€Å"removed† Aborigines as compared to â€Å"non-removed†, particularly in the areas of employment and post-secondary education. Most notably, the study indicated that removed Aboriginals were actually less likely to have completed a secondary education, three times as likely to have acquired a police record and were twice as likely to use illicit drugs. The only notable advantage â€Å"removed† Aboriginals possessed was a higher average income, which the report noted was most likely due to the increased urbanisation of removed individuals, and hence greater access to welfare payments than for Aboriginals living in tribal communities. In the 1970’s the removal of aboriginal and half cast children began to stop and organizations were set up to return stolen aboriginal children to their rightful families. It was not until September 1994 that the first legal suit went forward in regard to the stolen generation. Aboriginals that had been taken from their parents during the decades of the assimilation policy prepared a landmark High Court case alleging that Australian governments practiced genocide in breach of the United Nations international convention. Many legal suits have gone through the courts since that particular time, however a final resolution has not yet been reached. In conclusion I believe that there are many plausible arguments from both those of the stolen generation and those who condemned the removal. From a maternal aspect I believe that it was immorally wrong to take aboriginal and half-caste children from their mothers and families however, it is easy to understand how looking through racist spectacles one could see their race as superior to all others, and in thinking this, assume that it would be in the best interests of the inferior race to adopt the culture of the advanced. The stolen generation is a very delicate topic which still today evokes many different kinds of emotions. The distressing factor of this issue is that it will never be fully resolved, as some Australian aborigines are genuinely thankful for a white upbringing and then there are others who still dispute it. The removal policy was simply a well intentioned plan that went horribly wrong, however one thing can be assured, those who were removed from their families will be remembered by both Aboriginal and White Australian communities for many more generations to come. How to cite The Stolen Generation, Papers The Stolen Generation Free Essays Explain the Stolen Generation (when did it occur/who was responsible and why government officials believed they were justified in taking these actions). The Stolen Generation was a very lonely and depressing time for the indigenous people of Australia. It lasted an overwhelming 60 years in which an estimated 100 000 aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children were forcibly removed from their families and land to be raised in homes or adopted by white families. We will write a custom essay sample on The Stolen Generation or any similar topic only for you Order Now This Policy was designed to ‘breed out’ Indigenous people until there was none left. These children became known as the ‘Stolen Generations’. The forced removal of these Indigenous children became an official government policy from 1909 to 1969. However these acts of removing Indigenous children from their homes occurred before and after these dates. The Aborigines Protection Board (APB) managed this removal policy; Governments, Churches and welfare bodies all took part in this operation. The Government gave the APB the power to forcibly remove Indigenous children without parental consent and without a court order in 1909. Children were to be fixated to an institution or mission dormitory, fostered or adopted. The Government under the White Australia and Assimilation Policies tried to encourage Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who were not of pure blood to become incorporated into the broader community of white Australian’s so that eventually there would be no Indigenous people left. At the current time the white Australians thought they were superior to the Indigenous people and that they were doing them a favour by giving them an education and clothing them, even though they only educated them to a certain extent so that they could work as labourers or servants. Children were extracted from their Indigenous culture so they could be brought up white and ‘taught’ to reject their Aboriginality. These children were distributed to institutions and from roughly the 1950’s were also allocated to white families. The APB only educated the Aboriginal children so that they could become labourers or servants, so their education was very poor. They did not educate them to a satisfactory ‘white’ standard because the white people could stay in power and hold the higher positions in society. The Aboriginal girls that were forcibly removed from their families were sent to homes and facilities authorized by the Board to be trained in domestic service. The white people did not understand or respect the Aboriginal people or their way of life, this also meant that the people who supported the policy thought they were doing the ‘right thing’. Some of these people also believed the aboriginal people lived impecunious and unrewarding lives and that the institutions they were placed in would be a more appropriate environment in which the Aboriginal people could better themselves. The white people thought the Aboriginals were stupid and had no tools or houses and could not provide for themselves. When in-fact they were just so blind to the fact that the Aboriginal culture was based off living as one with the earth and the white people couldn’t perceive and accept their way of life. The dominant, bigoted racist views that were part of the white society and government at the time also meant that people believed that Aboriginal people were bad parents and that the Aboriginal women did not feed or look after their children accordingly. They didn’t realize that the Indigenous people lived of the land and used the nuts and plants for medicine, they only took what they needed from the land. They were not greedy, unlike white people who harvested massive crops and wore fancy clothing. So the white people took it upon themselves to try and exterminate the aborigines by breeding them with white people until there was none left. No one really knows how many Indigenous people were taken from their homes and lands, because most records of this tragic time have been lost or destroyed. Countless parents never saw their children who were stolen from them, siblings were prepensely separated from each other and most never saw each other again. To this day many Aboriginal people do not know who their relatives are or have been unable to track them down due to this appalling and shameful policy Australia enforced in an attempt to assimilate the Aboriginal population during 1909-1996, meaning that even today there are Aboriginal people as young as their late 40’s and 50’s who are members of the Stolen Generation. ) Discuss the varying experiences members of the stolen generation had; including where they were taken and the conditions in which they lived. Experiences throughout the stolen generation vary quite allot, especially gender wise, generally the men found it difficult and tried to escape from where they were sent. On the other hand the women generally had lots of fond memories although it was very difficult at the time because they were separated fr om their parents at a very young age. Depending on wether you were female or male, you would be taken to different locations, the women were often taken to farms as servants and waiters, the men were normally taken to institutions where they would be trained to become labourers. Both genders were at first taken to missions that were usually religious based. At these missions they would be taught how to speak and dress like a white person. Once they were of a satisfactory standard, they would be placed in different locations, women as maids, servants and cooks and the men as stockmen, labourers or other tedious jobs. Even though they had jobs, the Aboriginal workers would not get paid. If they were lucky they would be left in their country ( their land/are they called home), this was very important to them because their country was part of their life. In the Aboriginal community they believe that being on country is a nurturing experience for them, in other words if they look after their country, the country will look after them. Its their duty to look after the land, and when they are separated from it, they cannot do this, which brings them great suffering and pain. From the point in which they were taken and separated from their family, friends and country, they were not permitted to speak their own language and could only speak English, if they did speak their own language they were severely punished. They had to dress and behave like white people. They were displaced, their whole culture was stripped from them, they were put into a situation on a cultural level to survive, and were totally at the mercy of the white people. My Grandfather is an Anthropologist (Gary Watson) and has spent the last 8 years in Western Australia working with the Wadjarri Yamatji tribe. In the Wadjarri language Yamatji roughly translates to Aboriginal. One of his friends from the tribe is a member of the stolen generation and gave my grandfather some examples of the cultural displacement he went through; when he was first taken from his land and family he had a girlfriend, and he would constantly escape from the institution to go and see her. They would always come and take him back, he could not understand why they would want to keep him from her. He was severely punished every time he escaped but he continued to escape to go and see her. Another experience he told my grandfather was when they told him to sleep inside the house, for him this was absurd. why would he sleep inside, he had never slept inside his whole life. To this day he hates sleeping inside, even in a little tin shed when they’re out in the bush. Allot of the Aboriginals couldn’t and still cant understand why the white people would want to take them away and confine them and tell them not to be themselves. All these experiences have left a lasting impression, to this day these experiences affect the members of the stolen generation. Lots of the men get very angry when u bring the topic up, more so because they were done wrongly just because they were black. Bibliography Reference Material My Grandfather is an Anthropologist (Gary Watson) Spent last 8 years in Western Australia working with the Wadjarri Yamatji tribe. Horton, David, The Encyclopaedia of Aboriginal Australia, Aboriginal Studies Press, Volume 1, 1994 The World Book Encyclopaedia, World Book, North Michigan, Volume 1, 2005 The Australian Encyclopaedia, Australian Geographic Society, Sydney, Volume 1, 1988 History Books Barwick, John and Jennifer, Aboriginal Australia, Heinemann, Melbourne, 2009 Bird, Carmel (ed), The Stolen Generation, Random House, Sydney, 1998 Internet Source http://reconciliaction. org. au How to cite The Stolen Generation, Papers The Stolen Generation Free Essays The stolen generation †¦. The degradation and the sheer brutality of the act of physically separating a mother from her children is a deep assault on our senses and on our most elemental humanity†¦. The stolen generation is the name given to the generation of aboriginal and Torres strait islander children that were removed from their families and placed into institutions where they were forced to forget their aboriginality. We will write a custom essay sample on The Stolen Generation or any similar topic only for you Order Now These children were then given a poor education and were sent into the homes of white Australians to be servants or labourers. The government and churches around Australia had an ignorant and uneducated view about the native aboriginals and how they chose to live. They thought that aboriginal families lived poor and unrewarding lives; they believed they were doing the right thing and were helping the children by removing them from their homes and families. They believed that aboriginal people were bad parents and that the women did not look after their children. No records were kept of the children that were taken and siblings were deliberately separated, today many people do not know where or if they have brothers or sisters out there. This had destroyed families and torn them apart. They were forced to go through the unimaginable and were treated as slaves. You and me, we were not direct causes of this. This was our ancestors. A generation before we were born. We had not yet even existed when this was happening all over Australian yet it took all these years for an apology to be given to the people of the stolen generation On the 13th of February 2008 the prime minister Kevin Rudd apologised on behalf of all of Australia for the way that the people of the stolen generation were treated. This is what he said: â€Å"We apologise especially for the removal of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children from their families, their communities and their country. â€Å"For the pain, suffering and hurt of these Stolen Generations, their descendants and for their families left behind, we say sorry. â€Å"To the mothers and the fathers, the brothers and the sisters, for the breaking up of families and communities, we say sorry. â€Å"And for the indignity and degradation thus inflicted on a proud people and a proud culture, we say sorry. â€Å" How to cite The Stolen Generation, Papers

Palms Hospital Analysis Essay Example For Students

Palms Hospital Analysis Essay | Palms Hospital| Memo To: From: CC: Date: Re:Ambulatory Surgical Center Executive Summary The Palms Hospital is considering an expansion project that would utilize land previously purchased. By expanding into ambulatory surgical services, the hospital has the opportunity to increase revenues and capture market share in this area. Investigation in the NPV of the project and a scenario analysis reveal that the project would be profitable. Debt Financing This project will most likely involve debt financing. This means that interest expense would occur and should be taken into account in the analysis of the project. Interest expense is a cash expense and is automatically included when the net cash flows are adjusted for the time value of money. If you added interest expense into the cash flows outlays, it would get counted twice. Interest expense affects the amount of income taxes; it must be used in calculating income tax expense before subtracting it from cash flow outlay. Thus, interest expense would be accounted for by the cost of capital since the interest expense would be a cost associated with borrowing money for the project. The 10% cost of capital includes the cost of debt financing. What to do with the Land The $150,000 that the hospital paid for the land five years ago should be considered a sunk cost because it is a cash outlay that already occurred. Since it has been irrevocably committed, it is an outlay that is unaffected by the current decision to accept or reject the proposed ambulatory surgery center. It is a non-incremental cash flow that is not relevant to the analysis. However, now that the land is valued by the market at $200,000, it is an opportunity cost of accepting this project. If the hospital uses the land for the project, it cannot sell the land and therefore $200,000 is foregone. Additionally, if the hospital uses the land for the surgical center, it cannot be used for another project. The value of the land should not be disregarded as there is an opportunity cost inherent in the use of the property. For Palms Hospital, the opportunity cost is the cash flow that could be realized from selling the property. Thus, the ambulatory surgical center should have an opportunity cost of $200,000 charged against it. Overhead Costs The overhead costs that should be included are incremental overhead costs for the hospital associated with the new surgical center. In this case, it states that the hospital’s cash overhead costs will increase by $36,000 annually. Thus, this would be the amount of overhead cost to be included. The case does say that an additional $25,000 would be allocated, but this is a re-distribution of administrative overhead costs and not an incremental addition. Therefore, it should not be included in the project analysis since it is not increasing the hospital’s overall overhead costs. Inpatient Surgery Cannibalization The effect of the surgical center project will have on other business projects should be considered. When the effect is negative, it is called cannibalization, because the project is expected to reduce other revenue sources within the business. The chief of medicine reported that the surgical center would negative impact up to $1,000,000 in cash revenues annually as patients used the new surgical center instead of other services offered by the hospital. This means that the incremental revenues from the new surgical center are the revenues attributable to the new center, less the revenues lost from forgone surgery services. However, expenses should also be considered. The costs saved due to the reduction in patient volume of other surgical services would be a benefit of having the new surgical center. Hence, these cost savings should be considered in the analysis. However, if it is believed that surgical patients would be lost to another entity entering the local ambulatory surgery market, then the loss of these patients would not affect the new surgical project at all because these losses would occur regardless of the project being accepted. Sensitivity Analysis Achondroplasia EssayAlso cash flows expected in the distant future are generally more difficult to forecast than near-term cash flows, so shorter payback projects are generally less risky than those with longer paybacks. Therefore, payback is often used as a rough measure of a project’s liquidity and risk. For Palms Hospital, the payback period is the quickest with best case, followed by the most likely case, then the worst case. Net Present Value, NPV, is a profitability measure that uses the discounted cash flow technique. An NPV of zero signifies that the project’s cash inflows are just sufficient to return the capital invested in the project and provide the required rate of return on that invested capital. If the NPV is positive, then it is generating excess cash flows, and these excess cash flows are available to management to reinvest in the firm. If a project has a negative NPV, its cash inflows will not ever recover the invested capital, so the project is unprofitable and acceptance would cause the financial condition of the business to deteriorate. For Palms Hospital, the NPV is the highest with best case, followed by the most likely case, then the worst case. Internal Rate of Return, IRR, is another profitability measure that yields the project’s profitability or expected rate of return as opposed to the project’s dollar profitability given by NPV. IRR is the discount rate that equates the present value of the project’s expected cash inflows to the present value of the project’s expected cash outflows. If the IRR exceeds the project’s cost of capital, a surplus remains after recovering the invested capital and paying for its use, and this surplus accrues. Reversely, if the IRR is less than the project cost of capital, then taking the project impose a cost on the organization. To have a positive NPV, the project’s IRR must be greater than its cost of capital, and a negative NPV signifies a project with an IRR less than its cost of capital. For Palms Hospital, the IRR is the highest with best case, followed by the most likely case, then the worst case. Projects that are deemed profitable by the NPV method will also be deemed profitable by the IRR method. Therefore, NPV and IRR are perfect substitutes for one another in estimating whether a project is profitable or not. In general, academics prefer the NPV profitability measure. This preference stems from two factors: NPV measures profitability in dollars, which is a direct measure of the contribution of the project to the value of the business, and both the NPV and IRR, because they are discounted cash flow techniques require an assumption about the rate at which project cash flows can be reinvested, and the NPV method has the better assumption – reinvestment at the cost of capital is a better assumption than reinvestment at the IRR rate, so NPV is a theoretically better measure of profitability than IRR. The returns from capital reinvested within the firm are more likely to be around the cost of capital than at the project’s IRR. Typically, an organization can obtain outside capital at a cost roughly equal to the cost of capital so cash flows generated by a project could be replaced by capital having this cost. This was also seen in the case with Palms Hospital and the ambulatory surgical center. Recommendation Upon analyzing the NPV, it is recommended to proceed with the project. The IRR and payback period also reveal the potential profitability of the project. A scenario analysis revealed that the NPV of the project is greatly dependent on the number of procedures performed by the surgical center. The Palms Hospital should ensure that appropriate assumptions were made as to how many procedures could be performed. If competitors are expected to enter, then the hospital should re-evaluate the number of procedure that could be performed and try to capture the bulk of the market. Management needs to be sure that bias hasn’t entered the analysis and overstated the forecasted number of procedures because this would exaggerate the profitability of the project.